Hypertension is not a sentence. Medicine is constantly evolving, scientists are discovering new ways to treat hypertension, which allow patients with high blood pressure to live a full life for a long time without serious consequences. Diagnosis plays an important role in the treatment of hypertension. There are several types of hypertension that require special therapy. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after a thorough examination. Do not leave high blood pressure unattended. All signs of hypertension require medical attention.
Stages of hypertension
Hypertension develops in stages, so it is common to distinguish three stages of the disease:
- stage 1 hypertension- the disease is mild, the pressure rises within 140 / 90-160 / 100 mm Hg. Art. The pressure rises briefly and normalizes without taking antihypertensive drugs. At stage 1, the first symptoms may appear: headache, tinnitus, sleep disturbances, impaired performance, dizziness, nosebleeds.
- Stage 2- moderate disease. The pressure rises to 160/100 - 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains elevated before taking an antihypertensive drug. Heart pain is added to dizziness and migraine.
- Stage 3- severe hypertension. The pressure rises above 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains consistently high even during sleep and rest. Against the background of high blood pressure develops a hypertensive crisis.
Hypertension is a disease of big cities. The bigger the city, the more likely you are to fall victim to hypertension. Guilt is the high level of psycho-emotional stress.
Is it possible to get rid of hypertension and pressure surges?
Heart attacks and strokes are the cause of almost 70% of all deaths in the world. Seven out of ten people die from blockages in the arteries of the heart or brain. In almost all cases, the reason for such a terrible end is the same - pressure surges due to hypertension.
It is possible and necessary to lower the pressure, there is no other way. But this does not cure the disease itself, but only helps to combat the effect, not the cause of the disease.
Symptoms - when to go to the doctor
Hypertension is often asymptomatic and a person becomes aware of the disease in the second or third stage, when it becomes more difficult to cure hypertension. It is necessary to carefully monitor all changes in the body so as not to miss the first messengers of hypertension:
- rapid fatigue;
- memory impairment;
- severe headache with throbbing nature;
- head rotation;
- sleep disorders;
- black flies in front of the eyes;
- hyperemia;
- arrhythmia;
- heart pain;
- trembling of the limbs;
- chills;
- hyperhidrosis.
These are all symptoms of high blood pressure. This condition requires medical intervention.
Reasons for the development of pathology
The main reason for the development of the disease doctors call genetic predisposition. Other causes of high blood pressure:
- frequent stress;
- Overweight;
- high cholesterol;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- smoking;
- diseases of the nervous, endocrine system, hypothalamus;
- mostly sedentary lifestyle;
- kidney disease;
- hypoxia;
- eating salty foods;
- menopausal period;
- exposure to loud noise.
Many causes of hypertension lie in unhealthy lifestyles.
An integrated approach to the treatment of hypertension
To normalize blood pressure, doctors recommend adjusting your lifestyle. It is necessary to establish a regime, to give up bad habits, to bring the body mass index in line with the norm. An important point will be dietary nutrition and salt rejection.
Recommendations for the work schedule:
- load reduction;
- refuse night or extra shifts;
- take time during the working day for a little rest;
- establish a mode of sleep and rest;
- move more.
Comprehensive treatment of hypertension involves the administration of antihypertensive drugs. Drug treatment is prescribed by the attending physician after examination and diagnosis. With hypertension, it is important to get rid of the root cause of the disease. The treatment of arterial hypertension is chosen according to the indications, age, concomitant diagnoses.
Clinical guidelines
Non-drug treatment of hypertension:
- weight loss;
- dietary nutrition excluding animal fats;
- reducing salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- refusal of smoked food, sausages, salted fish;
- inclusion in the diet of foods containing potassium and magnesium: legumes, baked potatoes, dried fruits, rose hips, oats, buckwheat, millet, nuts;
- reduction of alcohol consumption to 30 grams for men and 15 grams for women, beer and red wine should be completely excluded;
- to quit smoking;
- reduction of physical activity;
- reducing the impact of stressful situations;
- taking sedatives;
- full sleep.
If non-drug therapy does not work, the doctor adds drugs:
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors;
- diuretics;
- beta-blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
The means of treating hypertension are chosen by the attending physician according to the indications. If monotherapy does not help, the doctor will add an additional drug from another pharmacological group. The complex treatment includes a combination of two or three antihypertensive drugs.
Effective antihypertensive tablets
At an early age, blood pressure recovers quickly. But with age, it becomes increasingly difficult to normalize blood pressure. When taking a number of drugs, addiction develops, withdrawal syndrome occurs, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Patients with hypertension often have to take antihypertensive drugs for life.
Important notes
The patient will have to treat hypertension for life. Antihypertensive drugs normalize blood pressure readings, but they should be continued to avoid a sharp rise in blood pressure again. A sharp rise in blood pressure is dangerous and can cause irreversible changes in the body, including heart attack and stroke.
The scheme of treatment of hypertension is prescribed by the attending physician after a thorough examination according to the indications. It is important to follow all the prescriptions of a specialist, follow a diet for patients with hypertension and change your lifestyle. An integrated approach to the treatment of hypertension brings good results.
Hypertension regimens often include several antihypertensive drugs. Combination therapy brings faster and better results. Most often, doctors use a combination of two or three drugs from different pharmacological groups. When prescribing drugs, the doctor checks drug interactions and compatibility. In combination therapy, the drugs are prescribed in minimal doses.
Hypertension can be caused by various external and internal factors, so combination therapy from different pharmacological groups has a complex effect. For the most part, antihypertensive drugs are not addictive. They are prescribed for long-term use to normalize the patient's condition for a long time. Some medications need to be taken for life.
Treatment of hypertension with drugs is prescribed by the attending physician after the examination. When taking medication, it is necessary to strictly follow the prescriptions of a specialist in order to obtain the necessary hypotensive effect without side effects.
You cannot take medicines for hypertension just as instructed. Hypertension requires individual treatment. To do this, the doctor conducts a comprehensive examination and then only chooses a course of treatment for hypertension. When prescribing a drug, the doctor checks the compatibility of the drug, contraindications and warns of possible side effects. You do not need to be afraid of all the side effects listed in the instructions. Most of the reactions occur in exceptional cases. Antihypertensive drugs are well taken by patients.
In case of hypertension, you should take the pills daily. The frequency of administration depends on the type of drug. Short-acting drugs quickly reduce blood pressure, but do not last more than 4 hours. You will need 4 to 6 tablets a day. Long-acting drugs help for a day, so it is enough to take one tablet in the morning and forget about high blood pressure.
It is not possible to change the dosage or prescribed course of therapy on your own. This can lead to complications or stroke.
Regular therapy is a prerequisite for normalizing blood pressure and reducing the risk of hypertensive crisis. Alternative prescriptions for the treatment of hypertension are also suitable, but it is necessary to warn the doctor about any methods of treatment of hypertension. You can take herbal preparations or prepare infusions only after consultation with a specialist.
Alternative methods for lowering blood pressure
Not only drug therapy but also alternative methods are used to treat hypertension. You can reduce the pressure in hypertension with the help of herbal medicines, natural infusions and folk recipes for pressure, which are passed down from generation to generation.
Methods of treatment without drugs are based on the healing properties of various foods and plants:
- Honey. To lower blood pressure, prepare decoctions, mixtures, infusions of honey mixed with other herbs, berries, vegetables, fruits. Tinctures with wild rose honey, mountain ash, viburnum, raisins, prunes, dried apricots, hawthorn will be effective.
- Kalina. To normalize the work of the cardiovascular system, viburnum fruits are consumed raw along with the seeds. To lower blood pressure, you can make a hot drink from viburnum: the fruits with seeds are poured boiling water, left in a thermos for several hours and then drunk with sugar or honey.
- Black and red rowan. You will need 1 kg of fruit and 700 g of sugar. The fruit should be crushed and mixed with sugar. The sweet composition is taken twice a day in 100 grams. You can prepare a healing syrup from mountain ash with sugar, which you should drink three times a day, 1 tbsp. l.
Recipes for lowering blood pressure:
- Beetroot juice with honey. Mix honey with beet juice in equal proportions. Drink the resulting tincture no more than five times a day, 2 tbsp. l.
- Cranberry juice with honey. Mix honey with cranberry juice in equal proportions. The resulting composition is taken three times a day for 1 tbsp. l. 20-30 minutes before eating.
- Decoction of viburnum with honey. Crush 100 grams of viburnum fruit, add 100 grams of buckwheat honey, boil. Cool the broth and then drink 1 tablespoon three times a day. l.
- Tincture of vegetables and honey. You will need 200 grams of carrot juice, beets, 100 grams of cranberry juice, 200 grams of honey and 100 ml of alcohol. Mix the ingredients, insist for three days and take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.
- Drink with mineral water with honey and lemon. Mix honey, mineral table water, lemon juice. The resulting drink should be consumed 1 cup per day. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.
- Drink with hawthorn berries. 100 grams of hawthorn fruit should be cleaned of seeds and pour 2 cups of cold drinking water. Leave overnight. In the morning, boil the drink and strain it. The duration of therapy is 1 month.
- Decoction of potatoes. Peel the potatoes, fill the flakes with water and bring to the boil. Take 2 glasses a day.
With high blood pressure, doctors recommend avoiding salty, spicy, smoked, fatty foods. Pastries should be replaced with dried fruit.
Measures to prevent hypertension
To maintain normal blood pressure, follow these simple guidelines:
- reduce the amount of salt consumed to 5 grams or completely abandon salty foods: salt retains fluid, which leads to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure;
- reduce the consumption of animal fats, cholesterol products: the list of restrictions includes fatty meat, lard, caviar, eggs, mayonnaise, rich products, margarine, butter, ice cream, confectionery;
- refuse drinks containing caffeine: these are strong black tea, coffee, cola, Pepsi, energy drinks;
- increase the intake of foods containing potassium and magnesium: minerals have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, reduce vascular spasms; lots of potassium in citrus fruits, potatoes, rye bread, legumes, dried fruits, radishes, white cabbage, bananas, blackcurrants, garlic, asparagus, parsley, carrots, cucumbers; magnesium can be found in buckwheat, oats, millet, chocolate, walnuts, beets;
- increase the consumption of ascorbic acid: vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, you need to eat raw foods; Many ascorbic acid is found in citrus fruits, blackcurrants, wild roses, sea buckthorn.
In the initial stage, it is not difficult to cure hypertension. The main thing is to contact a specialist in time. Persistent hypertension is more difficult to treat, it requires complex therapy and regular blood pressure measurement. The therapy is prescribed exclusively by a doctor according to the indications. If left untreated in the later stages, it can lead to a cerebrovascular accident or heart attack.